Maksym Łaszewski
Articles
Seasonal differentiation of water temperature on the example of lowland Mazovian rivers
Przegląd Geograficzny (2020) tom 92, zeszyt 3, pp. 391–408 | 
Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2020.3.5
Abstract
Thermal regime has a critical impact on the lotic environment, as maximum temperature determines the boundaries of the occurrence of aquatic species, seasonal and diurnal water temperature variations affect their bioenergetics, while the timing of specific water temperature values during the year is important in the context of spawning and migrations. However, despite the great importance of water temperature studies in the context of environmental management and fisheries, as well as the development of accurate measurement techniques, such investigations have received relatively limited attention in Poland.
The current study attempted to examine the seasonal differentiation of water temperature in lowland rivers. For this purpose, water temperature was recorded from the 1st of May 2015 to the 30th of April 2019 with a temporal resolution of 30-minutes. Digital temperature reorders used to make the measurements were distributed across six sites in Jeziorka, Świder and Utrata catchments located on the Mazovian Lowland and the Southern Podlachia Lowland near Warsaw. The hydrometeorological background of the water temperature monitoring was determined on the basis of data from the Warszawa-Okęcie station and water gauging stations. On the basis of the measurement data, mean, maximum, and minimum monthly water temperatures were calculated and presented on the background of the appropriate air temperature data, while statistical distribution of the 30-minute water temperature, aggregated in a monthly timescale, was presented on the box and whiskers plots. The Ward method was used to group months similar in terms of their thermal conditions, while the Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to evaluate the strength of the relationship between water and air temperature.
The results indicate that the seasonal course of water temperature follows the course of air temperature, with the highest mean monthly water temperatures recorded in July, while the lowest in January. Statistical distribution analysis of water temperature in individual months and its grouping by the Ward method allowed to identify two periods characterized by relatively stable thermal conditions and two periods of dynamic changes of water temperature. In contrast to the maximum values of water temperature, which were observed in the summer as a result of intensive solar radiation and low streamflow rates, the greatest variability of water temperature, as indicated by reference to mean daily range and standard deviation, was found in the spring months, i.e. in April and May, while the lowest in winter, from December to February. The relationship between daily mean water temperature and air temperature, established with the use of the Pearson correlation coefficient on a monthly basis, was clearly stronger during the spring increase and the autumn fall of the water temperature, which can be linked with greater vulnerability to atmospheric heat fluxes. A definitely weaker relationship was found in the winter and summer months, when greater importance can be attached to other drivers of stream temperature, like the presence of ice cover, cloudiness, riparian shading, and groundwater inflows.
Keywords: water temperature, seasonal differentiation, monitoring, lowland watercourses, Mazovian Lowland, Poland
[m.laszewski@uw.edu.pl], Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Citation
APA: Łaszewski, M. (2020). Sezonowe zróżnicowanie temperatury wody na przykładzie wybranych rzek nizinnych Mazowsza. Przegląd Geograficzny, 92(3), 391–408. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2020.3.5
MLA: Łaszewski, Maksym. "Sezonowe zróżnicowanie temperatury wody na przykładzie wybranych rzek nizinnych Mazowsza". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 92, no. 3, 2020, pp. 391–408. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2020.3.5
Chicago: Łaszewski, Maksym. "Sezonowe zróżnicowanie temperatury wody na przykładzie wybranych rzek nizinnych Mazowsza". Przegląd Geograficzny 92, no. 3 (2020): 391–408. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2020.3.5
Harvard: Łaszewski, M. 2020. "Sezonowe zróżnicowanie temperatury wody na przykładzie wybranych rzek nizinnych Mazowsza". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 391–408. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2020.3.5
Przegląd Geograficzny (2019) tom 91, zeszyt 1, pp. 121-138 | Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.1.6
Abstract Urban streams have recently become an important topic of diversified scientific research. This reflects their ecological and recreational significance. It is well known that progressive urbanisation in large cities poses a threat to natural ecosystems like bodies of water and watercourses. Changes in stream morphology caused by regulation and inflows from municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants influence water quality and interfere with the water cycle. The 65.3 km2 catchment of the Służewiecki Stream is located in the south-western part of Warsaw. It flows 17.1 km through five districts of the capital city and is the largest tributary of the River Vistula in the Warsaw area. Due to a huge (86.8%) contribution of built-up areas, including land associated with communications, industry and commerce, the stream is under a constant, wide-ranging anthropopressure. Upstream, from source to outlet from the Airport rainwater treatment plant, the Służewiecki Stream flows mainly through an underground channel. However, downstream there is a significant modification introduced in the catchment thanks to two artificial bodies of water (called Staw Wyścigi and Staw Służewiecki). The aim of this study was to determine the spatial and seasonal variability of selected quality parameters of water in the Służewiecki Stream catchment. Research sought to identify changes in physical and chemical parameters along the Stream and its two tributaries, as well as to determine seasonal variation in these parameters. For those purposes, the field investigations run from November 2017 through to October 2018, over a regular two-week cycle, involved water temperature, oxygen saturation, conductivity and pH. A monthly cycle was in turn applied in determining concentrations of nitrates and phosphates. Measurements were conducted at 11 sites across the catchment, of which nine (P1-P9) were along the Stream itself, and two (D1, D2) on its largest tributaries (the Rów Grabowski and Kanał Wolicki). Measurement sites were selected to ensure assessment of the impacts of various forms of anthropopressure on the selected water-quality parameters; with the Warsaw Airport rainwater treatment plant and two artificial bodies of water considered to influence most. On the basis of the data obtained, magnitude and variability parameters were calculated, while the similarity of measurement sites was determined using the Ward agglomeration method. Additionally, in August 2018, field investigation of aquatic vegetation was carried out, indicating the presence of five species of macrophyte along the Służewiecki Stream. The results indicate that the physico-chemical regime along the Służewiecki Stream is mostly disturbed by the two artificial bodies of water, which interrupt the natural continuum of the river. Thermal and oxygen conditions undergo the greatest transformation. The bodies of water also cause a change in phosphate concentration due to their bioaccumulation and immobilisation of ions. However, tributaries and the operation of the Airport rainwater treatment plant also exert a significant impact on spatial variability to investigated parameters along the Służewiecki Stream. Seasonal differentiation in physico-chemical characteristics was mainly related to meteorological conditions, the vegetative cycle of photosynthetic organisms and changes in anthropopressure. Most of the tested parameters displayed a clear seasonal cycle, though the exceptions were nitrate and phosphate, whose cycles reflect the impact of various, independent factors, such as hydrological conditions, decomposition processes and wastewater inflow.
Keywords: jakość wody, paramentry fizyczno-chemiczne, antropopresja, Potok Służewiecki, zlewnia zurbanizowana
[aj.halas@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland
[czarnecka@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Climate Research Department Polish Academy of Sciences Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warsaw: Poland
[m.laszewski@uw.edu.pl], Uniwersytet Warszawski, Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Citation
APA: Halaś, A., Czarnecka, K., Piasecki, K., & Łaszewski, M. (2019). Przestrzenne i sezonowe zróżnicowanie wybranych parametrów jakości wody w zlewni zurbanizowanej na przykładzie Potoku Służewieckiego. Przegląd Geograficzny, 91(1), 121-138. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.1.6
MLA: Halaś, Agnieszka, et al. "Przestrzenne i sezonowe zróżnicowanie wybranych parametrów jakości wody w zlewni zurbanizowanej na przykładzie Potoku Służewieckiego". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 91, no. 1, 2019, pp. 121-138. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.1.6
Chicago: Halaś, Agnieszka, Czarnecka, Kaja, Piasecki, Krzysztof, and Łaszewski, Maksym. "Przestrzenne i sezonowe zróżnicowanie wybranych parametrów jakości wody w zlewni zurbanizowanej na przykładzie Potoku Służewieckiego". Przegląd Geograficzny 91, no. 1 (2019): 121-138. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.1.6
Harvard: Halaś, A., Czarnecka, K., Piasecki, K., & Łaszewski, M. 2019. "Przestrzenne i sezonowe zróżnicowanie wybranych parametrów jakości wody w zlewni zurbanizowanej na przykładzie Potoku Służewieckiego". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 91, no. 1, pp. 121-138. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2019.1.6