Zbigniew Zwoliński

Abstract The aim of the work described here was to assess the temporal variability and spatial differentiation characterising the outflow of a river, using integrated geoinformation methods and hydrological modelling. The study was conducted in the Parsęta drainage basin, whose internal structure is considered representative of young-glacial lowlands in the temperate climatic zone. The simulations of water balance were carried out using a hydrological and water quality model called the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), as integrated into a geographical information system. SWAT is a basin-scale, continuous-time model. It was designed to predict the impact of watershed management changes on outflows of water, sediment and chemical components. The spatial data analysis is based on concerns a digital elevation model, lithology, hydrography, soil, land cover and land use. The simulations included meteorological data for the period 1966-2010 from 4 meteorological stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management. Selected from among available methods were: the Soil Conservation Service Curve Number method (SCS-CN) to estimate surface runoff, the Penman-Monteith method to estimate potential evapotranspiration, and the Muskingum river routing method for a channel network. Models required calibration, which was achieved using SWAT-CUP4 software. Within the SWAT-CUP4 framework, the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting (SUFI-2) calibration procedure was selected. Calibration and validation were performed on data collected at three water-gauge stations in Tychówko, Białogard and Bardy, for the years 1966-2010 (these measurement data were obtained from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management). The results were assessed by reference to such statistics as the R2 determination coefficient, Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) and percentage bias coefficient (PBIAS). The results with an annual time step were characterised by high values for the statistical evaluation coefficients. The values for the percentage bias coefficient were in the 3-13% range for the calibration, and of 4-17% in the case of the validation period. Found to be most consistent with the observed data were modelling results obtained for the closing profile of the basin. A reduction in the area of catchment considered was associated with lower values being obtained for the statistical coefficients, in respect of the evaluation of the results. In comparing results in relation to the period of calibration and validation, only very small differences as regards assessment factors were to be found. Application of the SWAT model in the case of a lowland river flowing through a young-glacial landscape confirmed that model’s universal applicability to catchments characterised by widely different environmental conditions and river regimes.

Keywords: odpływ rzeczny, modelowanie hydrologiczne, Parsęta, Pomorze

Zbigniew Zwoliński, Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Dzięgielowa 27, 61-680 Poznań: Poland

Citation

APA: Gudowicz, J., & Zwoliński, Z. (2017). Kształtowanie się odpływu rzecznego w dorzeczu Parsęty w świetle modelowania hydrologicznego. Przegląd Geograficzny, 89(1), 45-66. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.3
MLA: Gudowicz, Joanna, and Zwoliński, Zbigniew. "Kształtowanie się odpływu rzecznego w dorzeczu Parsęty w świetle modelowania hydrologicznego". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 89, no. 1, 2017, pp. 45-66. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.3
Chicago: Gudowicz, Joanna, and Zwoliński, Zbigniew. "Kształtowanie się odpływu rzecznego w dorzeczu Parsęty w świetle modelowania hydrologicznego". Przegląd Geograficzny 89, no. 1 (2017): 45-66. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.3
Harvard: Gudowicz, J., & Zwoliński, Z. 2017. "Kształtowanie się odpływu rzecznego w dorzeczu Parsęty w świetle modelowania hydrologicznego". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 45-66. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.3