Paweł Jokiel
Articles
Seasonality of outflow in selected Carpathian catchments
Przegląd Geograficzny (2017) tom 89, zeszyt 1, pp. 29-44 | 
Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.2
Abstract This article details an analysis of seasonality of outflow carried out for 12 Carpathian catchments. The latter were selected in such a way as to fully represent various conditions of outflow formation in the Carpathian Mountains, i.e. the region of Poland in which hydrological processes are most dynamic. Daily series of discharges for the years 1951-2010 provided the basis for the research, albeit with the series lengths used in analyses of particular rivers varying in length from 40 to 60 years. In the case of each water-gauge section selected, calculations were made for the seasonality index (IS), time of concentration coeffi cient (WPK), outflow concentration index (GMO) and half-outflow term index (TPO). Multiannual variability and mutual correlation coefficients for the above parameters were also calculated, with these characteristics together describing various aspects to the seasonality of river outflow. The results of the research conducted show that values for the mean seasonality indexes characterising the outflow in Carpathian catchments are slightly lower than those calculated for amounts of precipitation. In addition, their spatial differentiation is relatively weak, while their variability over time is distinctly high. The mean time of concentration coefficient (WPK) for the Carpathian catchments does differ markedly from place to place, occurring between 4th Apri l and 3rd June. However, in the cases of the rivers draining the western part of the Beskid Mountains and Tatras, the outflow concentration occurs relatively late (after 5th May), while it is relatively early (before 5th May) in the cases of the rivers in the eastern part of the Beskids. The long-term variability of WPK in the Carpathian Mountains is less than half as great as that characterising the seasonality index (25.2% to 55.7% on average), though no significant trends could be noted for long-term series of those characteristics. Timing related to Oliver’s concentration coefficient (GMO) reveals aspects of seasonality similar to those presented by Markham’s seasonality index (IS). Due to this fact it would be more appropriate to name it an “outflow seasonality index” rather than an “outflow concentration index”. Mean multiannual half-outflow terms (TPOśr) in the Carpathian catchments are strongly diversified and appear between 15th April and 21st May. Low TPOśr was noted in rivers of a nival-pluvial and nival well-shaped regime. Low TPOśr was found with the pluvial-nival regime. The spatial differentiation to the multiannual variability of TPOśr in the Carpathian Mountains is limited. It is most limited in the case of rivers in the Tatra Mountains. Statistical analyses of multiannual series for all the seasonality parameters examined show that, in the Carpathian area, the seasonal structure to the outflow is relatively stable over the long term (given a lack of significant trends), with year-to-year fluctuations and changes being random in nature. The relative mean mass diagram curve for Carpathian catchments has two points of inflection confirming the nival-pluvial or pluvial-nival regimes. The regional curve offers a very effective presentation of the seasonal distribution of outflow in the Carpathian Mountains.
Keywords: sezonowość, odpływ rzeczny, Karpaty
Citation
APA: Jokiel, P., & Tomalski, P. (2017). Sezonowość odpływu z wybranych zlewni karpackich. Przegląd Geograficzny, 89(1), 29-44. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.2
MLA: Jokiel, Paweł, and Tomalski, Przemysław. "Sezonowość odpływu z wybranych zlewni karpackich". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 89, no. 1, 2017, pp. 29-44. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.2
Chicago: Jokiel, Paweł, and Tomalski, Przemysław. "Sezonowość odpływu z wybranych zlewni karpackich". Przegląd Geograficzny 89, no. 1 (2017): 29-44. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.2
Harvard: Jokiel, P., & Tomalski, P. 2017. "Sezonowość odpływu z wybranych zlewni karpackich". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 29-44. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2017.1.2
Przegląd Geograficzny (2016) tom 88, zeszyt 1, pp. 53-74 | Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2016.1.3
Abstract The work described here has concerned the assessment and analysis of summation curves and variability to half-outflow terms (TPOj ), as calculated for 14 river basins in central Poland. Given the regimes of particular rivers, their characteristic flows and geographical determinants of their outflows, the selected group of river basins proves very suitable for an investigation regarding the type and amount of hydrological information provided with analyzed characteristics. Specifically, the research was concerned with series of daily discharges from the second half of the 20th century. Relative mass diagram curves for daily mean outflows were generated for the particular basins, as was a regional summation curve. A relationship between the shapes and numbers of inflection points and river regime was identified, while it proved possible to represent the curve for the outflow in Central Poland using a degree-4 polynomial. This curve has one significant inflection point near the 170th day of the year (20 April), and the second, less visible in the 280th day of the year (6 August). The rivers studied can thus be assumed to have a nival regime, though transforming locally into a notfully-formed nivo-pluvial regime (in the case of upland rivers). In the middle of the hydrological year (near 1st May), about 60% of water resources are discharged from the Central Poland Basin, though there are some significant differences between basins. For the upland basins and the area of the Łódź Elevation region it is less than 60%, while for the Wielkopolska Lowland basins – much more than 60%. The half-outflow terms for particular basins and individual years were calculated using the method suggested in the work of A. Bartnik and P. Jokiel (2005). The TPOj distribution, mean values, multiannual variability and the spatial dimension were all investigated, and extreme values analyzed using quantiles. Both the spatial dimension to the TPOj and its multiannual variability show certain regularities. The multiannual means for the TPOśr in Central Poland are rather differentiated and are of lengths over one month. The earliest term (12th March) was recorded for the River Ołobok and the latest (17th April) for the Pilica. Some kind of TPOśr spatial dimension order is also to be observed, and is attributable to the fact that rivers draining the lowlands (and thus in the western and north-eastern parts of the area) have their TPOśr earlier than those flowing in the uplands of the eastern and south-eastern parts. Overall, the second half of the 20th century can be said to have displayed a seasonality to river outflow characterized by weather-influenced fluctuations, with no more constant multiannual trend identified. In the light of the results of the analyses carried out, the half-outflow term can serve as a simple measure by which climatic or anthropogenic changes in the seasonal structure of outflow can be indicated.
Keywords: odpływ rzeczny, krzywa sumowa, termin połowy odpływu, środkowa Polska
Citation
APA: Jokiel, P. (2016). Sezonowa struktura odpływu rzecznego w środkowej Polsce i jej zmiany w wieloleciu w świetle krzywych sumowych i terminów połowy odpływu. Przegląd Geograficzny, 88(1), 53-74. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2016.1.3
MLA: Jokiel, Paweł. "Sezonowa struktura odpływu rzecznego w środkowej Polsce i jej zmiany w wieloleciu w świetle krzywych sumowych i terminów połowy odpływu". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 88, no. 1, 2016, pp. 53-74. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2016.1.3
Chicago: Jokiel, Paweł. "Sezonowa struktura odpływu rzecznego w środkowej Polsce i jej zmiany w wieloleciu w świetle krzywych sumowych i terminów połowy odpływu". Przegląd Geograficzny 88, no. 1 (2016): 53-74. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2016.1.3
Harvard: Jokiel, P. 2016. "Sezonowa struktura odpływu rzecznego w środkowej Polsce i jej zmiany w wieloleciu w świetle krzywych sumowych i terminów połowy odpływu". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 53-74. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2016.1.3
Hydrological seasons in the rivers of central Poland
Przegląd Geograficzny (2015) tom 87, zeszyt 1, pp. 71-93 | Full text
doi: https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2015.1.4
Keywords: sezon hydrologiczny, środkowa Polska, grupowanie hierarchiczne
Citation
APA: Jokiel, P., & Tomalski, P. (2015). Sezony hydrologiczne w rzekach środkowej Polski. Przegląd Geograficzny, 87(1), 71-93. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2015.1.4
MLA: Jokiel, Paweł, and Tomalski, Przemysław. "Sezony hydrologiczne w rzekach środkowej Polski". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 87, no. 1, 2015, pp. 71-93. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2015.1.4
Chicago: Jokiel, Paweł, and Tomalski, Przemysław. "Sezony hydrologiczne w rzekach środkowej Polski". Przegląd Geograficzny 87, no. 1 (2015): 71-93. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2015.1.4
Harvard: Jokiel, P., & Tomalski, P. 2015. "Sezony hydrologiczne w rzekach środkowej Polski". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 87, no. 1, pp. 71-93. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2015.1.4