Przegląd Geograficzny (2018) tom 90, zeszyt 2

Abstract The article presents a part of a study modified for publishing purposes, elaborated at the Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization of PAS for the Ministry of Infrastructure and Construction (Śleszyński et al. 2017). The topic was the analysis of spatial planning documents with particular emphasis on the problems of buildings’ dispersion, demographic absorption and location of buildings within areas covered and uncovered by local plans. The research covered 21 communes (gminas) located west of the Warsaw Agglomeration. On the basis of WFS services or directly from commune offices, digital vector data on the boundaries and structure of land use in studies of spatial development conditions and directions and local plans, as well as geographic coordinates and type of decisions on building conditions were collected. A strong oversupply of building plots has been detected, resulting in the dispersion of buildings and its mismatch, among others to the existing investment, including the basic services network.

Keywords: planowanie przestrzenne, zagospodarowanie przestrzenne, rozpraszanie zabudowy, chłonność demograficzna, strefa podmiejska, aglomeracja warszawska

Przemysław Śleszyński [psleszyn@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00‑818 Warszawa, Poland
Marcin Stępniak [stepniak@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00‑818 Warszawa, Poland

Citation

APA: Śleszyński, P., Stępniak, M., & Mazurek, D. (2018). Oszacowanie skutków presji inwestycyjnej i nadpodaży gruntów budowlanych w strefie podmiejskiej Warszawy na przykładzie gmin pasma zachodniego. Przegląd Geograficzny, 90(2), 209-240. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.2
MLA: Śleszyński, Przemysław, et al. "Oszacowanie skutków presji inwestycyjnej i nadpodaży gruntów budowlanych w strefie podmiejskiej Warszawy na przykładzie gmin pasma zachodniego". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, 2018, pp. 209-240. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.2
Chicago: Śleszyński, Przemysław, Stępniak, Marcin, and Mazurek, Damian. "Oszacowanie skutków presji inwestycyjnej i nadpodaży gruntów budowlanych w strefie podmiejskiej Warszawy na przykładzie gmin pasma zachodniego". Przegląd Geograficzny 90, no. 2 (2018): 209-240. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.2
Harvard: Śleszyński, P., Stępniak, M., & Mazurek, D. 2018. "Oszacowanie skutków presji inwestycyjnej i nadpodaży gruntów budowlanych w strefie podmiejskiej Warszawy na przykładzie gmin pasma zachodniego". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 209-240. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.2

Keywords: depopulacja, statystyka GI Getisa-Orda, analiza szeregów czasowych metodą k-średnich, indeks TPI, powiat kłodzki, Sudety

Agnieszka Latocha [agnieszka.latocha@uwr.edu.pl], University of Wrocław Faculty of Earth Science and Environmental Management pl. Uniwersytecki 1, 50-137 Wrocław: Poland

Citation

APA: Latocha, A., Szymanowski, M., & Wieczorek, M. (2018). Wyludnianie powiatu kłodzkiego – przestrzenne zróżnicowanie i uwarunkowania. Przegląd Geograficzny, 90(2), 241-266. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.3
MLA: Latocha, Agnieszka, et al. "Wyludnianie powiatu kłodzkiego – przestrzenne zróżnicowanie i uwarunkowania". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, 2018, pp. 241-266. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.3
Chicago: Latocha, Agnieszka, Szymanowski, Mariusz, and Wieczorek, Małgorzata. "Wyludnianie powiatu kłodzkiego – przestrzenne zróżnicowanie i uwarunkowania". Przegląd Geograficzny 90, no. 2 (2018): 241-266. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.3
Harvard: Latocha, A., Szymanowski, M., & Wieczorek, M. 2018. "Wyludnianie powiatu kłodzkiego – przestrzenne zróżnicowanie i uwarunkowania". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 241-266. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.3

Abstract The article elaborates on the current state, development and utilization of former mining areas of the Wałbrzych Basin. Moreover, the paper presents the changes in the spoil tips and sedimentation basins landscape undergoing in between 1996 and 2016, as well as in facilities, which used to consitute a part of sustainable mining estate. In 1996 the areas of former mines were taken over by the authorities of Wałbrzych and Boguszów-Gorce. As that time, 181.5 ha of spoil tips and sedimentation basins were reclaimed and 164.5 ha of heaps still needed reclamation. Until 2016, 129.9 ha of grounds were reclaimed, which constituted 90% of the total area of spoil tips and sedimentation basins located in the Wałbrzych Basin. As yet, 34.6 ha of storage areas have not been reclaimed; they constitute mainly of sedimentation basins – places of yielding of coal sludge. Spoil tips were reclaimed into forests and their steep slopes were turned into turf and shrub lands. The above actions aimed at changing the spoil tips into natural terrain elevations and improving the aesthetics of the Wałbrzych landscape. The location and shape of the majority of spoil tips do not refer to the local relief. The forms differ in their shapes and size when compared to surrounding elevations and are not related to them, as a result, they constitute dissonant elements of the landscape. As yet, only two spoil tips were turned into areas of recreation, education and sport. The remaining spoil tips are planned to be adopted for tourist and recreation purposes and used a source of mineral waste for the building sector, road building and maintenance and reclamation of post-mining areas. Coal sludge excavated from sedimentation basins is utilized for fuel production and the areas of its excavation are places of sizeable excavation pits. The recovery process of the above waste is planned to be continued for the following 4 to 5 years. Then, the excavations will be turned into places of storage of building waste. After reclamation and land development, the areas will have recreation and tourist functions. As of this day, the majority of post-mining facilities has been dismantled or torn down. Their areas are mainly undeveloped and constitute post-industrial wasteland. Such land is marginally adapted to serving new functions and is not attractive to potential investors. Facilities in good technical condition were passed on to the authorities of Wałbrzych and Boguszów Gorce, as well as sold to various companies and private individuals. Currently, they serve various functions, such as: industrial, service, administrative, residential, tourist and educational. The majority of facilities acquired from mines changed their functions and use. Among the best-developed post-mining areas in Wałbrzych are “Julia” shaft, which houses a mining museum “Old Mine Science and Art Centre”, and “Teresa” shaft, which was adapted into service (car showroom and service) and residential purposes, while in Boguszów-Gorce shafts “Witold” and “Klara”, which serve tourist, educational, recreational, sport, service and residential functions. The development and use of former mining facilities in the Wałbrzych Basin is similar to that of other post-mining areas in the Western Europe, nevertheless, the standard and degree of their development is far from the Western European standards. Some of the former mining facilities are kept in good technical condition by their owners, which suggests that they will continue to serve similar functions as at present.

Keywords: tereny pokopalniane, obiekty pokopalniane, rekultywacja i zagospodarowanie hałd i osadników, Zagłębie Wałbrzyskie

Citation

APA: Wójcik, J. (2018). Tereny pokopalniane Zagłębia Wałbrzyskiego 20 lat po zamknięciu kopalń węgla. Przegląd Geograficzny, 90(2), 267-290. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.4
MLA: Wójcik, Jan. "Tereny pokopalniane Zagłębia Wałbrzyskiego 20 lat po zamknięciu kopalń węgla". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, 2018, pp. 267-290. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.4
Chicago: Wójcik, Jan. "Tereny pokopalniane Zagłębia Wałbrzyskiego 20 lat po zamknięciu kopalń węgla". Przegląd Geograficzny 90, no. 2 (2018): 267-290. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.4
Harvard: Wójcik, J. 2018. "Tereny pokopalniane Zagłębia Wałbrzyskiego 20 lat po zamknięciu kopalń węgla". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 267-290. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.4

Abstract The aim of the work described here has been to answer a question as to whether migration movements can counteract the depopulation of Polish cities. Against the background of the worsening demographic situation faced by Poland (with population decline and an ageing society) – as mainly due to negative natural population growth and a negative net migration rate – an assessment is made of the possible effects of immigration on the said depopulation of Polish cities. The term immigration as used in this paper covers selected elements of the inflow of population into cities, i.e. that involving foreigners, returnees and non-stationary students settling in cities after completing their education. Analysis of the relevant data indicates that these migrant streams can only improve the demographic situation of Polish cities slightly, due to the limited scale of the movements involved. The scale of immigration into Poland is indeed rather limited. According to official statistics, 234,000 foreigners were resident in Poland as of 2016, with the majority of these people residing in cities. The actual scale of immigration is greater, with the real number of Ukrainian immigrants (the largest group) for example estimated at 1 million. However, it should be noted that the latter do not take up permanent residence in Poland, but rather come on a rotation basis several times a year. In the longer term, other EU countries (those that waived visas for Ukrainians in 2017) can represent competition for Poland as a country of destination for our eastern neighbours. The United Kingdom is another potential source of population inflow back to Polish cities. After Brexit, Polish nationals who work there (about 1 million in number) may emerge as non-eligible for permanent residence in the UK. The potential remigration in this context is of an estimated 200,000 people. Those Polish cities that are academic centres can count on the permanent settlement of a certain number of students who reside in them temporarily, but declare that they will take up permanent residence having completed their studies. This may also be the case for foreign students, especially Ukrainians. However, considering that some resident students are planning to emigrate from their home cities, the difference between these two groups, though positive, is small.

Keywords: depopulacja, polskie miasta, migracje, cudzoziemcy, studenci

Citation

APA: Jakóbczyk-Gryszkiewicz, J. (2018). Czy imigracja jest szansą dla wyludniających się polskich miast? Wybrane rodzaje ruchów migracyjnych. Przegląd Geograficzny, 90(2), 291-308. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.5
MLA: Jakóbczyk-Gryszkiewicz, Jolanta. "Czy imigracja jest szansą dla wyludniających się polskich miast? Wybrane rodzaje ruchów migracyjnych". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, 2018, pp. 291-308. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.5
Chicago: Jakóbczyk-Gryszkiewicz, Jolanta. "Czy imigracja jest szansą dla wyludniających się polskich miast? Wybrane rodzaje ruchów migracyjnych". Przegląd Geograficzny 90, no. 2 (2018): 291-308. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.5
Harvard: Jakóbczyk-Gryszkiewicz, J. 2018. "Czy imigracja jest szansą dla wyludniających się polskich miast? Wybrane rodzaje ruchów migracyjnych". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 291-308. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.5

Abstract The aim of the paper is to analyze the population changes in industrial cities on the background of population changes in cities of a different functional type. It was assumed that in the period of dynamic development of the highly specialized industrial function of the city, its population is growing rapidly above average. During the recession of industrial function in this group of cities, their population is also decreasing rapidly above average. In both cases, nonlinear development is fundamental to the phenomenon of so-called bifurcation. Transformation of Polish cities after 1989 has caused quite significant changes in their demographic development. Significantly, these changes were conditioned by the transformation of the economy, including the phenomenon of deindustrialization. Nevertheless, demographic factors were also important. These directly and indirectly affected by economic determinants. Hence, after 1990, urban centers experienced a peculiar ‘game of the inhabitants’, whose essence was the widespread negative population growth and the positive balance of migration to a few dozen cities. In this particular place, there were strong industrial centers before 1989. The analysis of population changes in Polish cities of different size categories showed that industrial cities are now much more dynamic depopulating than other types of functional cities. As a result of the loss of the "pull" attribute, and in many times the situation of gaining the attributes of "push" or "disappearing" interest of potential migrants, their demographic profile had to be reduced. This trend was further strengthened by the consequences of the second demographic transition.

Keywords: procesy depopulacji, kurczące się miasta, baza ekonomiczna miast, ośrodki przemysłowe, Polska

Robert Krzysztofik, Departament of Economic Geography University of Silesia Będzińska 60, 41-200 Sosnowiec: Poland
Robert Szmytkie [robert.szmytkie@uwr.edu.pl], Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Instytut Geografii i Rozwoju Regionalnego

Citation

APA: Krzysztofik, R., & Szmytkie, R. (2018). Procesy depopulacji w Polsce w świetle zmian bazy ekonomicznej miast. Przegląd Geograficzny, 90(2), 309-329. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.6
MLA: Krzysztofik, Robert, and Szmytkie, Robert. "Procesy depopulacji w Polsce w świetle zmian bazy ekonomicznej miast". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, 2018, pp. 309-329. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.6
Chicago: Krzysztofik, Robert, and Szmytkie, Robert. "Procesy depopulacji w Polsce w świetle zmian bazy ekonomicznej miast". Przegląd Geograficzny 90, no. 2 (2018): 309-329. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.6
Harvard: Krzysztofik, R., & Szmytkie, R. 2018. "Procesy depopulacji w Polsce w świetle zmian bazy ekonomicznej miast". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 309-329. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.6

Abstract The article presents the results of research conducted among two diverse social categories, which play a very important role in depopulation analyses: young people - who are at the risk of migration, and people at an advanced age – who are less mobile and stay in the increasingly depopulated city. The study concerned expectations of high school students (about 18 years of age) and elderly people – in this case, students of the Third Age University, regarding recreation space. The study was conducted using the questionnaire method, including mental maps – hand-made sketches of spatial perceptions. Based on the analyses, common features and differences in perceiving leisure areas by both categories of respondents were identified. Expected and desired elements of this space were specified and the directions of changes in developing the space of a shrinking city (in this case – Łódź) were indicated.

Citation

APA: Duda, M. (2018). Przestrzeń czasu wolnego licealistów i seniorów w mieście dotkniętym procesami depopulacyjnymi – zmiany, zagrożenia, oczekiwania. Przykład Łodzi. Przegląd Geograficzny, 90(2), 331-352. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.7
MLA: Duda, Michał. "Przestrzeń czasu wolnego licealistów i seniorów w mieście dotkniętym procesami depopulacyjnymi – zmiany, zagrożenia, oczekiwania. Przykład Łodzi". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, 2018, pp. 331-352. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.7
Chicago: Duda, Michał. "Przestrzeń czasu wolnego licealistów i seniorów w mieście dotkniętym procesami depopulacyjnymi – zmiany, zagrożenia, oczekiwania. Przykład Łodzi". Przegląd Geograficzny 90, no. 2 (2018): 331-352. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.7
Harvard: Duda, M. 2018. "Przestrzeń czasu wolnego licealistów i seniorów w mieście dotkniętym procesami depopulacyjnymi – zmiany, zagrożenia, oczekiwania. Przykład Łodzi". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 331-352. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.7

Roman Kulikowski [r.kulik@twarda.pan.pl], Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00‑818 Warszawa, Poland

Citation

APA: Kulikowski, R. (2018). Władysława Stola (1931-2018). Przegląd Geograficzny, 90(2), 369-371. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.8
MLA: Kulikowski, Roman. "Władysława Stola (1931-2018)". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, 2018, pp. 369-371. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.8
Chicago: Kulikowski, Roman. "Władysława Stola (1931-2018)". Przegląd Geograficzny 90, no. 2 (2018): 369-371. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.8
Harvard: Kulikowski, R. 2018. "Władysława Stola (1931-2018)". Przegląd Geograficzny, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 369-371. https://doi.org/10.7163/PrzG.2018.2.8